For all the talk about House Democrats heading towards big losses in 2010, there is a major reason a red wave is unlikely: The party won’t have that much to worry about in terms of congressional retirements.
It might still be early in the cycle, but we can already say that their open seat headaches will look nothing like those that plagued the losing party of 1994, 2006 and 2008 - all cycles in which retirements were a huge factor. Needless to say, this will make it much harder for the GOP to score big gains. In a wave-like election, open seats provide easy pick-ups at little cost whereas incumbents are hard to beat even in the most favorable of environments.
Let’s review recent history:
- 1994: Democrats lost 22 open seats - nearly 40% of their total loss.
- 2006: At least 15 GOP-held open seats were considered competitive; the party lost 8 of them and spend a lot of money defending the rest (which included IL-06 and MN-06).
- 2008: 18 GOP-held open seats were considered competitive; Democrats won 11 of them - nearly half of their net gain.
In 2010, it would be a big surprise if the DCCC has to defend more than 6-7 competitive open seats - and even that many would take a few unexpected retirements.
For now, 7 House Democrats have announced they won’t run for re-election. 3 represent heavily African-American districts in which the GOP has no chance: AL-02 (Artur Davis), FL-17 (Kendrick Meek) and IL-07 (Danny Davis). A fourth open seat is that of Neil Abercombie in Hawaii. Republicans are excited about Charles Djou’s candidacy, but the bottom line is that the district voted for Obama 70% to 28%. Not exactly an appealing opportunity, whatever Obama’s approval rating next fall.
That leaves us with three vulnerable open seats: LA-03 (Charlie Melancon), PA-07 (Joe Sestak), and NH-02 (Paul Hodes). Note that PA-07 and NH-02 voted for Al Gore and John Kerry and they gave Barack Obama a double-digit victory. Strong Republican recruitment should make both top-tier GOP opportunities, but they won’t be easy pick-ups.
And here’s where the news gets good for Democrats: There simply aren’t many more potentially tough seats that could open up. Just this week-end, Wisconsin Rep. Ron Kind announced he would not run for Governor - a relief for the DCCC.
At only 46, Kind is a 12-year incumbent, a Whip and a Ways and Means member; in short, he could rise to positions of power if only he stays in the House. Yet, he looked genuinely interested in a statewide race. Had he retired, the GOP would have had a good shot: While WI-03 gave Obama a 17% victory, it only went for Kerry and Gore by 3%. With Kirk now running for re-election, however, it heads off the map of competitive races. Kind has always cruised to re-election, albeit not always by dominating margins (he received 56% in 2004), and the district’s leftward turn last year should dissuade the GOP from paying much attention to the district.
So we are left with 3 vulnerable open seats - 4 if we grant that HI-01 could potentially be competitive. And I only see two House Democrats left whose retirement could create a headache for the DCCC:
- Rep. Bob Etheridge, who is considering running for Senate in North Carolina; NC-02 voted for Obama by 5%, for Bush by 8%.
- Rep. Peter DeFazio of OR-04, who is still deciding whether he wants to run for Governor in Oregon. Even if he does retire, once highly-touted GOP candidate Sid Leiken is not looking so hot anymore, to say the least.
Neither DeFazio nor Etheridge are likely to be vulnerable if they run for re-election, and at the moment I would not bet that either will retire. Even supposing that both do leaves the number of potentially competitive races at 5-6. (And let me repeat that this is already including seats in which the GOP would need to run a flawless campaign or rely on an excellent environment to be competitive; HI-01, OR-04 and PA-07 all lean blue.)
Other Democratic congressmen who have yet to rule out a retirement either are highly unlikely to quit or they don’t represent competitive districts. Gabrielle Giffords (AZ-08) or Jim Marshall (GA-08) running for Senate would be golden GOP opportunities, but neither has made any noise since the beginning of the year; polls showing McCain and Isakson in relatively good shape are unlikely to push them towards running. At 75, Leonard Boswell (IA-03) could retire from his swing district but he looks likely to stay put at least until redistricting. And the GOP has nothing to look forward to if Charles Rangel (NY-15) or John Dingell (MI-15) decide to retire. I believe that only leaves us with PA-11, where I once heard some buzz Paul Kanjorski might retire; but not only is that unlikely, it could also be good news for Democrats.
Let’s say a few such surprises occur, shooting the number of vulnerable Democratic open seats to 8-9. (As I said, this looks rather unlikely, especially with Kind announcing he’ll stay put.) Even that number bears no resemblance to the nightmare Democrats went through in 1994 or the retirement headaches the GOP endured in 2006 and 2008.
This did not happen for a lack of Democrats mulling retirement: At least 11 representatives who were actively considering seeking higher office or leaving politics decided to stick around to the House. Those include: Allen Boyd (FL-02), Ron Klein (FL-22), Dennis Moore (KY-03), Ben Chandler (KY-06), Mike McIntyre (NC-07), Heath Shuler (NC-11), Carol Shea-Porter (NH-02), Zach Space (OH-18), Patrick Murphy (PA-08), Stephanie Herseth Slandin (SD-AL) and Lincoln Davis (TN-04). That all chose to seek re-election speaks to their enjoying Democrats’ new status as the majority party.
By contrast, the NRCC has just as many open seat troubles to worry about as Democrats do. Jim Gerlach (PA-06) and Mark Kirk (IL-10)’s retirements create huge Democratic opportunities in blue territory, and DE-AL could soon become the most vulnerable district in the country if Mike Castle doesn’t run for re-election, as is expected (he has hinted he will retire if he does not run for Senate). Democrats have recruited competitive candidates in FL-12 and TN-03, both red-leaning but already-open districts. Bill Young (FL-10), Fred Upton (MI-06) and I believe Frank Wolf (VA-10) are still considering retirements, and any of them would host competitive open races.
In short: Before worrying about a coming red wave, Democrats should remember that they are leaving the GOP few obvious openings - a stark contrast to recent wave elections in which the losing party greatly contributed to its Election Day losses by having many of its incumbents retire.

